Paul Smiths, NY, Sep 02, 2010 — All creatures breathe in some fashion, but how the job gets done has changed from fish to amphibian to reptile to mammal. Curt Stager and Martha Foley chart the evolution of animal respiration.  Go to full article

May 06, 2004 — Respiration in birds in different from mammals and reptiles. In addition to lungs, birds have air sacs throughout the body. As Dr. Curt Stager explains, birds breathe in a four-step process, one inhalation and exhalation each for lungs and sacs. The process is more efficient for oxygen absorption, and as a side benefit, give birds an "air-cooled engine."  Go to full article

Aug 23, 2001 — Dr. Curt Stager intoduces Martha Foley to the dark side of oxygen, that toxic waste product of plant metabolism responsible for aging and eventual death--our bodies as a chemical bonfire.  Go to full article

Apr 05, 2001 — Dr. Curt Stagerand Martha Foley explore the role of mitocondria--components that burn food molecules and produce energy--in cells.  Go to full article